NECO 2025/2026 Government Objective and Essay Questions and Answers
NECO 2025/2026 Government Objective and Essay Questions and Answers
NECO 2025/2026 – Government
SECTION A: Objective Questions (1–50)
Instructions: Choose the correct option A–D that best completes each sentence.
-
Government is defined as the —
A. process of making and enforcing laws
B. power to control people
C. decision of the president
D. ability to manipulate voters
Answer: A -
Which of these is a form of government?
A. Monarchy
B. Autocracy
C. Democracy
D. All of the above
Answer: D -
The principle of separation of powers was popularized by —
A. John Locke
B. Montesquieu
C. Rousseau
D. Machiavelli
Answer: B -
The organ of government responsible for lawmaking is the —
A. executive
B. judiciary
C. legislature
D. police
Answer: C -
Which of the following is not a function of government?
A. Maintaining law and order
B. Conducting elections
C. Promoting chaos
D. Providing social amenities
Answer: C -
The Nigerian constitution currently in use was enacted in —
A. 1963
B. 1979
C. 1999
D. 2006
Answer: C -
A constitution is a —
A. speech by the president
B. bill before the legislature
C. document of laws and principles
D. religious doctrine
Answer: C -
A federal system of government is best defined as —
A. centralization of power
B. division of power between central and regional governments
C. dictatorship
D. military rule
Answer: B -
The two major arms of a bicameral legislature are the —
A. Supreme Court and National Assembly
B. Senate and House of Representatives
C. Army and Police
D. President and Vice-President
Answer: B -
Which of the following is an agent of political socialization?
A. Police
B. Church
C. School
D. All of the above
Answer: D -
Sovereignty means —
A. the power to make and enforce laws within a state
B. dominance by foreign powers
C. traditional leadership
D. separation of powers
Answer: A -
The process of choosing leaders through voting is called —
A. election
B. imposition
C. appointment
D. selection
Answer: A -
The body responsible for conducting elections in Nigeria is —
A. ICPC
B. EFCC
C. INEC
D. NLC
Answer: C -
The right to vote and be voted for is referred to as —
A. franchise
B. suffrage
C. both A and B
D. none of the above
Answer: C -
Political parties aim to —
A. share money
B. develop the economy
C. win elections and control government
D. provide entertainment
Answer: C -
The rule of law is based on the principle of —
A. dictatorship
B. equality before the law
C. might is right
D. use of discretion
Answer: B -
One of the merits of a federal system is —
A. concentration of power
B. discouragement of nationalism
C. local autonomy
D. central police force
Answer: C -
The judiciary checks the powers of the executive through —
A. budget
B. judicial review
C. public opinion
D. election petitions
Answer: B -
Which of the following is not a pressure group?
A. Nigerian Bar Association
B. Nigerian Labour Congress
C. Nigerian Police
D. Academic Staff Union of Universities
Answer: C -
Delegated legislation is made by —
A. judges
B. executive bodies
C. parliament
D. local vigilantes
Answer: B -
Which of the following best explains a unitary system of government?
A. Division of power
B. Concentration of power
C. Rotation of power
D. Multiplication of power
Answer: B -
One major disadvantage of military rule is —
A. economic development
B. efficient decision-making
C. suspension of the constitution
D. national unity
Answer: C -
The term “bicameralism” refers to —
A. one legislative house
B. two legislative houses
C. executive supremacy
D. judicial independence
Answer: B -
Which of these is an advantage of democracy?
A. Rule by the few
B. Suspension of the constitution
C. Freedom of speech
D. Arbitrary rule
Answer: C -
The political ideology that promotes state ownership of means of production is —
A. capitalism
B. socialism
C. feudalism
D. communism
Answer: B -
The supreme law in a state is known as —
A. edict
B. constitution
C. bye-law
D. ordinance
Answer: B -
The concept of checks and balances is associated with —
A. federalism
B. dictatorship
C. separation of powers
D. social stratification
Answer: C -
The exclusive legislative list in Nigeria contains subjects that are legislated upon by the —
A. state assembly
B. federal government
C. local government
D. traditional rulers
Answer: B -
The system where the executive is part of the legislature is —
A. presidential
B. military
C. monarchical
D. parliamentary
Answer: D -
Which of these is a function of the public service?
A. Law-making
B. Implementation of policies
C. Passing of judgment
D. Conducting elections
Answer: B -
The pre-colonial Hausa/Fulani political system was —
A. republican
B. centralized
C. confederal
D. acephalous
Answer: B -
Indirect rule was most successful in —
A. Eastern Nigeria
B. Western Nigeria
C. Northern Nigeria
D. Middle Belt
Answer: C -
The highest court in Nigeria is the —
A. Court of Appeal
B. High Court
C. Supreme Court
D. Customary Court
Answer: C -
One of the following is not a civil right —
A. freedom of expression
B. freedom of worship
C. right to fair hearing
D. right to join a cult
Answer: D -
The branch of government that interprets laws is the —
A. executive
B. judiciary
C. legislature
D. ombudsman
Answer: B -
Which body scrutinizes the annual budget before approval?
A. INEC
B. National Assembly
C. Supreme Court
D. Federal Executive Council
Answer: B -
The idea of a welfare state is associated with —
A. socialism
B. communism
C. capitalism
D. feudalism
Answer: A -
Civil servants are required to be —
A. partisan
B. loyal to political parties
C. neutral
D. elected
Answer: C -
A country ruled by a king or queen has a —
A. theocracy
B. monarchy
C. plutocracy
D. bureaucracy
Answer: B -
The state executive council is headed by the —
A. local government chairman
B. governor
C. president
D. minister
Answer: B -
The process by which citizens express their opinions about government actions is called —
A. protest
B. consensus
C. public opinion
D. voting
Answer: C -
The electoral body in Nigeria is known as —
A. NEC
B. EFCC
C. INEC
D. NADECO
Answer: C -
Universal adult suffrage means —
A. voting by all persons
B. voting by adults only
C. voting by educated persons
D. voting by taxpayers only
Answer: A -
Political parties in Nigeria are registered by —
A. Senate
B. INEC
C. Supreme Court
D. Ministry of Justice
Answer: B -
Who is the chief security officer of a state in Nigeria?
A. Commissioner of Police
B. Director of DSS
C. Governor
D. State Chief Judge
Answer: C -
The Nigerian civil war lasted from —
A. 1965–1967
B. 1967–1970
C. 1966–1972
D. 1970–1973
Answer: B -
The first political party in Nigeria was —
A. NCNC
B. NPC
C. NNDP
D. AG
Answer: C -
Who was the first President of Nigeria?
A. Nnamdi Azikiwe
B. Tafawa Balewa
C. Olusegun Obasanjo
D. Shehu Shagari
Answer: A -
The body responsible for judicial discipline is the —
A. Code of Conduct Bureau
B. National Assembly
C. National Judicial Council
D. Legal Aid Council
Answer: C -
One of the following is not an agent of political socialization —
A. family
B. mass media
C. police
D. schools
Answer: C
NECO 2025/2026 Government Objective and Essay Questions and Answers
SECTION B: Essay Questions
Instructions: Answer four (4) questions only. All questions carry equal marks.
Question 1
(a) Define government.
(b) Outline any five characteristics of government.
(c) Mention four functions of government.
Question 2
(a) What is a constitution?
(b) Highlight four features of the 1999 Nigerian Constitution.
(c) List any three types of constitutions.
Question 3
(a) Define separation of powers.
(b) Discuss three advantages of separation of powers.
(c) Explain any two demerits.
Question 4
(a) What is a political party?
(b) State four functions of political parties in Nigeria.
(c) Mention three differences between political parties and pressure groups.
Question 5
(a) Define public opinion.
(b) List four ways public opinion can be expressed.
(c) Mention three limitations of public opinion in governance.
NECO 2025/2026 Government Objective and Essay Questions and Answers
Question 6
(a) What is federalism?
(b) Outline four characteristics of a federal system.
(c) Mention any three federal institutions in Nigeria.
Question 7
(a) Define electoral commission.
(b) Mention four functions of INEC in Nigeria.
(c) State three challenges faced by INEC.
Question 8
(a) What is political socialization?
(b) Identify four agents of political socialization.
(c) Mention three effects of political socialization on governance.