2026 NECO Government Objective and Essay Questions and Answers

2026 NECO Government Objective and Essay Questions and Answers

Preparing adequately for the National Examinations Council (NECO) Government examination requires a solid understanding of political institutions, constitutional development, democratic governance, citizenship, public administration, electoral systems, international organizations, and Nigeria’s political history. Candidates are expected to demonstrate not only factual knowledge but also the ability to analyze political concepts and apply them to practical situations.

This 2026 NECO Government Mock Examination has been carefully developed to reflect the structure, standard, and syllabus of the NECO Government examination. The questions are original practice questions created strictly for revision purposes and are designed to help candidates assess their level of preparedness before the examination.

The objective section covers major topics prescribed in the NECO Government syllabus, while the essay section is designed to test candidates’ analytical ability, depth of knowledge, and presentation skills. The essay answers, which will be provided in subsequent parts, will include detailed explanations prepared in line with examiner expectations.

Candidates are advised to attempt all questions independently before checking the provided answers. This approach will help identify areas of strength and those requiring further revision.

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REAL NECO Government OBJ
A — authority
C — identify eligible voters
B — coup d’etat
B — legitimacy
E — promote world peace and harmony
B — multi
B — 15
B — National Party of Nigeria
A — Ibrahim Babangida
B — clerical
B — Ladoke Akintola
D — party leader
D — limited powers
A — citizens
A — 1960
C — executive head
D — inform citizens about current events
C — mass media
D — shared between central and component units
E — High Commission
A — Hague
A — federal government only
D — secession of the eastern region
A — Assembly of Heads of State and Government
D — participation
C — Independent National Electoral Commission
E — traders union
D — Propaganda
B — constitution
B — Nomination of candidates
C — free and fair elections are conducted
E — third
E — 360
B — open-secret ballot
A — electoral constituencies
E — public fiscal resources
C — management
E — transition programmes
E — saves time
B — democracy
B — cultural and ethnic diversity
B — General Assembly
E — strike
C — force
A — dissolution of the parliament
B — is convicted of a serious offence
D — presidential
C — exploitative
B — federal
D — profit oriented
A — derivation
C — exploitation and oppression
D — housing for all
B — 1953 London
D — creation of states
D — Sarki
E — scrambling and partition of Africa for colonialism
E — Mass education
B — military
B — free movement of persons and rights of residence
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REAL NECO Government Essay
Number 1
VERSION I

(1a)
Government as an institution of the state refers to the body or machinery through which the affairs of a state are organized, controlled and administered. It is made up of people and organs that make laws, implement laws and interpret laws for the maintenance of order and welfare of the citizens.

(1b)
(PICK ANY FIVE)

(i) Population: A state must have people living in it. The population may be large or small, but there must be human beings who are regarded as citizens or residents of the state.

(ii) Definite territory: A state must have a clearly defined geographical area. This includes the land, water and airspace within its boundaries. Without a definite territory, a state cannot exist.

(iii) Government: A state must have a government that controls and administers its affairs. The government makes laws, enforces laws, maintains order and protects the lives and property of the people.

(iv) Sovereignty: A state must have supreme power to make and enforce laws within its territory without control from another state. Sovereignty makes a state independent and gives it authority over its internal and external affairs.

(v) Recognition: A state should be recognized by other states and international organizations. This enables it to relate with other countries, sign treaties and participate in international affairs.

(vi) Permanence: A state is expected to have continuous existence. Governments may change from time to time, but the state itself remains.

(vii) Law: A state must have laws that guide the conduct of the people. These laws help to maintain peace, order and justice in the society.

(viii) Independence: A state must be free from external control. It must be able to make decisions for itself and conduct its affairs without being controlled by another country.

VERSION II

(1a)
Government as an institution of the state is the organized body of people and agencies that control, direct and manage the affairs of a state. It is the machinery through which laws are made, executed and interpreted for the purpose of maintaining peace, order, security and development in the society.

(1b)
(PICK ANY FIVE)

(i) Sovereignty: This is the supreme power of a state to make and enforce laws within its territory without being controlled by any external authority. It means that the state is independent and has final authority over its people and affairs.

(ii) Population: A state must have people who live within it. These people may be citizens or foreigners, but there must be a human population for the state to govern. Without people, there can be no state.

(iii) Definite territory: A state must occupy a fixed geographical area. This includes its land, rivers, lakes and airspace. The boundaries of the state must be known so that its area of control can be identified.

(iv) Government: A state must have a government that makes laws, carries out policies and maintains order. The government represents the state and performs functions such as defence, security, taxation and provision of social services.

(v) Recognition: A state should be recognized by other states and international bodies. Recognition enables the state to enter into diplomatic relations, sign agreements and participate in international organizations.

(vi) Permanence: A state has a continuous existence. Even when a particular government is removed or replaced, the state continues to exist. This means that government can change, but the state remains.

(vii) Law and order: A state must have rules and regulations that guide the behaviour of the people. Laws help to prevent disorder, protect rights and punish offenders.

(viii) Independence: A state must be free to control its own internal and external affairs. It should not be under the authority of another state.

VERSION III

(1a)
Government as an institution of the state is the group of persons and public offices established to run the affairs of a state. It is responsible for making policies, enforcing laws, protecting the people and promoting the general welfare of the society.

(1b)
(PICK ANY FIVE)

(i) Political organization: A state must have an organized political structure through which its affairs are controlled. This structure includes the government, officials and institutions that direct the activities of the state.

(ii) Sovereign power: A state must possess supreme authority over its territory and people. This means that it has the power to make laws, enforce them and take final decisions without being controlled by another state.

(iii) Defined boundary: A state must have a known and accepted boundary. The boundary separates it from other states and shows the area where its authority can be exercised.

(iv) People: A state must have people who live within its territory. These people are the citizens and residents who obey the laws, enjoy rights and perform duties to the state.

(v) Government machinery: A state must have institutions that help to administer its affairs. These include the legislature, executive, judiciary, civil service, police and other public agencies.

(vi) Ability to maintain law and order: A state must be able to control the behaviour of people through laws. It must also punish offenders and protect the lives and property of citizens.

(vii) External recognition: A state should be accepted by other states as an independent political unit. This recognition allows it to exchange ambassadors, sign treaties and join international organizations.

(viii) Control of resources: A state must have control over the resources within its territory. These resources help the state to provide services, maintain security and promote development.

(ix) Permanent existence: A state does not end when a government changes. Leaders may leave office, but the state continues to exist as long as its people, territory and institutions remain.

Number 2
VERSION I

(2)

(PICK ANY SIX)

(i) Free and fair election: A government that comes to power through a free and fair election is more likely to be accepted as legitimate. This is because the people are given the opportunity to choose their leaders without intimidation, rigging or manipulation.

(ii) Popular support: A government becomes legitimate when it enjoys the support and approval of the majority of the citizens. If the people willingly obey the government and accept its policies, such a government is regarded as legitimate.

(iii) Good governance: A government that provides good leadership, protects lives and property, respects the rule of law and promotes development is likely to be seen as legitimate by the people.

(iv) Respect for the constitution: A government that follows the constitution and operates within the limits of the law gains legitimacy. When leaders obey constitutional procedures, the citizens are more likely to accept their authority.

(v) Protection of fundamental human rights: A government that respects the rights and freedoms of citizens gains the confidence of the people. Rights such as freedom of speech, freedom of religion, right to life and right to fair hearing help to strengthen legitimacy.

(vi) Accountability and transparency: A government that is open in its activities and accountable to the people is likely to be accepted as legitimate. Citizens trust a government more when public funds are properly used and leaders are answerable for their actions.

(vii) Provision of social amenities: A government that provides basic needs such as roads, schools, hospitals, electricity, water and security can gain the support of the people. These services show that the government is working for the welfare of citizens.

(viii) Rule of law: Legitimacy is promoted when government officials and citizens are equal before the law. A government that does not rule arbitrarily but follows the law will be respected by the people.

(ix) Recognition by other states: A government may gain more legitimacy when it is recognized by other countries and international organizations. This recognition shows that the government is accepted as the lawful authority of the state.

(x) Peace and stability: A government that maintains peace, order and security in the country is more likely to be accepted by the people. Citizens tend to support a government that protects them from violence, disorder and insecurity.

VERSION II

(2)

(PICK ANY SIX)

(i) Constitutional rule: A government becomes legitimate when it rules according to the constitution of the state. If leaders follow constitutional procedures and do not act above the law, the people will accept their authority.

(ii) Regular election: Legitimacy is promoted when elections are held regularly to allow citizens to choose or change their leaders. This gives the people a sense of participation in government.

(iii) Free choice of leaders: When citizens are allowed to vote freely without force, bribery, rigging or intimidation, the government elected through such a process will be regarded as legitimate.

(iv) Respect for human rights: A government that respects the rights of the people will enjoy public support. Citizens are more likely to accept a government that protects their freedom, life, property and dignity.

(v) Performance of government: A government that performs its duties well can gain legitimacy. When it provides security, employment, education, health care, roads, electricity and other basic services, the people will support it.

(vi) Obedience to the rule of law: A legitimate government must rule according to law. Government officials should not act arbitrarily, and both leaders and citizens should be equal before the law.

(vii) Popular participation: A government gains legitimacy when citizens are allowed to take part in politics. This can be through voting, joining political parties, criticizing government policies and contesting elections.

(viii) Good leadership: Honest, responsible and patriotic leaders help to increase legitimacy. When leaders are not corrupt and they work for the interest of the people, citizens will have confidence in the government.

(ix) National unity: A government that promotes unity among different ethnic, religious and social groups is likely to be accepted by the people. It should avoid discrimination and treat all citizens fairly.

(x) International recognition: A government may also gain legitimacy when it is recognized by other countries and international organizations. This allows it to relate with other states as the lawful government of the country.

VERSION III

(2)

(PICK ANY SIX)

(i) Method of coming to power: A government is more legitimate when it comes to power through an accepted method, such as election. If a government comes to power by force, the people may not regard it as legitimate.

(ii) Consent of the people: Legitimacy is strengthened when the people willingly accept the government. A government that rules with the consent of the citizens enjoys greater support and obedience.

(iii) Fair electoral process: When elections are properly conducted, citizens will believe that their votes count. This makes the elected government acceptable to the people.

(iv) Respect for public opinion: A legitimate government listens to the views, complaints and demands of the citizens. When the people feel that their opinions matter, they are more likely to support the government.

(v) Responsible leadership: Leaders who are honest, disciplined and committed to public service increase the legitimacy of government. Bad leadership, corruption and selfishness reduce public trust.

(vi) Protection of lives and property: A government that provides security for the people gains their confidence. Citizens will support a government that protects them from violence, crime and disorder.

(vii) Justice and fairness: Legitimacy is promoted when government treats all citizens equally. There should be no discrimination based on religion, tribe, class or political opinion.

(viii) Economic development: A government that improves the economy, creates jobs, reduces poverty and provides opportunities for citizens will gain more acceptance from the people.

(ix) Respect for the judiciary: A government becomes more legitimate when it allows the courts to operate freely. This shows that the government respects justice and the rule of law.

(x) Peaceful change of government: Legitimacy is strengthened when leaders can be changed peacefully through constitutional means. This prevents violence and gives citizens confidence in the political system.

Number 3
VERSION I

(3)

(PICK ANY SIX)

(i) Small size of the state: A state may adopt a unitary system when its land area and population are small. In such a state, the central government can easily control and administer all parts of the country without difficulty.

(ii) Homogeneous population: A country with people of similar language, culture, religion and customs may adopt a unitary system. Since there are fewer differences among the people, there may be no need to divide powers among many levels of government.

(iii) Need for quick decision-making: A unitary system allows the central government to make decisions quickly. Since power is concentrated in one authority, there is less delay in making and implementing policies.

(iv) Desire for national unity: A state may adopt a unitary system in order to promote unity and loyalty to one central government. This helps to reduce sectionalism and division among the people.

(v) Less expensive to operate: A unitary system is usually cheaper because it does not require many levels of government with separate officials and institutions. This helps to reduce the cost of administration.

(vi) Strong central control: A state may adopt a unitary system when it wants the central government to have firm control over the whole country. This can help in maintaining law, order and security.

(vii) Uniformity of laws and policies: Under a unitary system, the same laws and policies can be applied throughout the country. This helps to avoid confusion and differences in administration.

(viii) Avoidance of conflict between governments: In a unitary system, there is less conflict between the central and regional governments because the central government is supreme. This reduces struggle over power and authority.

(ix) Effective use of resources: Since decisions are made at the centre, the government can plan and distribute resources according to national needs. This can help to prevent waste and duplication of functions.

(x) Emergency situations: A country may adopt a unitary system to make it easier for the central government to respond quickly during war, crisis or national emergency.

VERSION II

(3)

(PICK ANY SIX)

(i) Easy administration: A state may adopt a unitary system because it is easier to administer. Since power is concentrated in one central government, policies can be made and carried out without too much difficulty.

(ii) Small population: A country with a small population may not need a federal system. The central government can easily govern the people directly and provide for their needs.

(iii) Small geographical area: A unitary system is suitable for a country with a small land area. The central authority can easily reach all parts of the state and control public affairs effectively.

(iv) Similar culture and language: A country whose people share similar customs, language, religion and way of life may adopt a unitary system. Since the people have much in common, there may be little need for separate regional powers.

(v) Reduction of cost: A unitary system is less costly to run because it does not require many levels of government with separate legislatures, executives and public officers. This helps to reduce government expenditure.

(vi) Uniform laws: A state may adopt a unitary system to ensure that the same laws and policies operate throughout the country. This promotes equality and makes administration easier.

(vii) Strong national government: A unitary system gives the central government strong authority to maintain peace, security and order in the country. This is useful where the state wants firm control.

(viii) Quick response to problems: In a unitary system, the government can respond quickly to emergencies because decisions are taken at the centre. This reduces delay in times of crisis.

(ix) Prevention of regional rivalry: Since power is not divided among strong regions, a unitary system can reduce conflict between different parts of the country. It helps to prevent unnecessary struggle for power.

(x) Promotion of national loyalty: A unitary system encourages citizens to give their loyalty to one central government rather than to regional or sectional authorities.

VERSION III

(3)

(PICK ANY SIX)

(i) To maintain strong central authority: A state may adopt a unitary system in order to make the central government very strong. This helps the government to control all parts of the country effectively.

(ii) To avoid division of power: In a unitary system, power is not shared equally between the central and regional governments. This prevents confusion over which level of government has authority over certain matters.

(iii) To promote uniform development: The central government can plan development for the whole country. This helps to ensure that government projects and policies are spread according to national interest.

(iv) To prevent sectional interest: A unitary system can reduce too much attachment to regions, tribes or local groups. It encourages citizens to think more about the whole country.

(v) To make law-making easier: Since the central government has the final authority, laws can be made faster and applied to the whole country without delay.

(vi) To ensure effective control of public officers: Under a unitary system, civil servants and public institutions can be controlled from the centre. This makes supervision and coordination easier.

(vii) To reduce administrative conflict: A state may adopt a unitary system to avoid quarrels between central and regional governments. Since the centre is supreme, there is less struggle over power.

(viii) To suit a country with common identity: Where the people share similar history, culture, language and religion, a unitary system may be suitable because there are fewer differences to manage.

(ix) To save public funds: A unitary system reduces the cost of running government because it does not require many separate governments with different officials and assemblies.

(x) To handle national emergencies quickly: The central government can act quickly during war, natural disasters or serious crises because decisions do not need to pass through many levels of government.

Number 4
VERSION I

(4)

(PICK ANY SIX)

(i) Method of becoming head of state: In republicanism, the head of state comes to power through election or appointment by elected representatives. In monarchy, the head of state usually comes to power through inheritance.

(ii) Tenure of office: In republicanism, the head of state normally serves for a fixed period of time. In monarchy, the king or queen may rule for life unless removed, abdicates or dies.

(iii) Source of authority: In republicanism, political authority comes from the people through the constitution and elections. In monarchy, authority is often based on royal birth, tradition and hereditary succession.

(iv) Accountability: In republicanism, leaders are expected to be accountable to the people and can be removed through constitutional means. In monarchy, the monarch may not be directly accountable to the people, especially in an absolute monarchy.

(v) Succession: In republicanism, succession is usually determined by election or constitutional procedure. In monarchy, succession is usually determined by royal family line or inheritance.

(vi) Equality of citizens: Republicanism is based on the idea that citizens are politically equal and can aspire to public office. Monarchy gives special status to the royal family above ordinary citizens.

(vii) Nature of leadership: In republicanism, the head of state is usually a president. In monarchy, the head of state is usually a king, queen, emperor or emir.

(viii) Removal from office: In republicanism, a president can be removed through election, impeachment or other constitutional means. In monarchy, it is usually difficult to remove a monarch because the position is hereditary.

(ix) Democratic nature: Republicanism is more democratic because the people have a role in choosing their leaders. Monarchy may be less democratic, especially where the monarch has absolute power.

(x) Example: Nigeria and the United States are examples of republics, while Britain, Saudi Arabia and Morocco are examples of monarchies.

VERSION II

(4)

(PICK ANY SIX)

(i) In a republican system, the head of state is elected or chosen according to the constitution. In a monarchy, the head of state usually inherits the throne from the royal family.

(ii) In republicanism, the head of state is usually called a president. In monarchy, the head of state may be called a king, queen, emperor, emir or sultan.

(iii) In a republic, the leader normally stays in office for a fixed term. In a monarchy, the ruler may remain on the throne for life.

(iv) Republicanism is based on popular sovereignty because power belongs to the people. Monarchy is based mainly on hereditary right and tradition.

(v) In a republic, any qualified citizen may contest for political office. In a monarchy, only members of the royal family usually have the right to become ruler.

(vi) In republicanism, succession is done through election or constitutional arrangement. In monarchy, succession is usually through hereditary line.

(vii) In a republic, the head of state can be removed through constitutional means such as election or impeachment. In a monarchy, removing the monarch is usually difficult because the position is hereditary.

(viii) Republicanism encourages equality of citizens before the law. Monarchy gives special honour and privilege to the royal family.

(ix) A republic is usually more democratic because citizens have a role in choosing their leaders. A monarchy may be less democratic, especially where the monarch has wide powers.

(x) Examples of republican states are Nigeria, Ghana and the United States, while examples of monarchies are Britain, Saudi Arabia and Morocco.

Examination Instructions

Read the following instructions carefully before attempting the questions.

• This mock examination consists of 60 Objective (Multiple Choice) Questions and 8 Essay Questions.
• Answer all sixty (60) objective questions.
• Each objective question carries equal marks.
• Select the most appropriate answer from options A–D.
• The correct answer is indicated immediately after each objective question for self-assessment.
• No explanations are provided in the objective section to encourage independent revision and quick practice.
• The essay section requires detailed, well-organized answers supported by relevant points and examples where necessary.
• Candidates are encouraged to manage their time effectively, just as they would during the actual examination.
• This mock examination is intended solely for educational and revision purposes.

Objective Questions (Questions 1–60)

Question 1

Government may best be defined as the

A. association formed by traders to protect their interests

B. machinery established to make and enforce laws within a state

C. gathering of community leaders

D. organization responsible for religious affairs

Answer: B

Question 2

The primary purpose of government is to

A. increase taxation

B. maintain law and order and promote the welfare of citizens

C. regulate only international trade

D. appoint traditional rulers

Answer: B

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT an essential element of a state?

A. Population

B. Territory

C. Political Party

D. Sovereignty

Answer: C

Question 4

The organ of government responsible for interpreting laws is the

A. Executive

B. Legislature

C. Judiciary

D. Civil Service

Answer: C

2026 NECO Government Objective and Essay Questions and Answers

Question 5

A constitution is best described as

A. the supreme law of a country

B. a political party manifesto

C. a judicial judgment

D. an electoral guideline

Answer: A

Question 6

The doctrine of separation of powers was developed primarily to

A. encourage military rule

B. prevent the concentration of governmental powers

C. abolish political parties

D. strengthen traditional institutions

Answer: B

Question 7

The political philosopher most associated with the doctrine of separation of powers is

A. Thomas Hobbes

B. Jean-Jacques Rousseau

C. Baron de Montesquieu

D. Karl Marx

Answer: C

Question 8

A written constitution is one that

A. exists only in conventions and customs

B. is contained in one or more written legal documents

C. cannot be amended

D. is made by judges alone

Answer: B

Question 9

The principle of the rule of law means that

A. government officials are above the law

B. only judges must obey the law

C. every individual is subject to the law

D. the military controls the courts

Answer: C

Question 10

Universal Adult Suffrage refers to

A. voting by only educated citizens

B. voting by only taxpayers

C. the right of all qualified adult citizens to vote

D. voting by members of political parties only

Answer: C

Question 11

The electoral system in which the candidate with the highest number of votes wins is known as

A. Proportional Representation

B. Alternative Vote

C. First-Past-the-Post

D. Second Ballot

Answer: C

Question 12

An election conducted to fill a vacant elective office before the end of a tenure is called

A. primary election

B. general election

C. bye-election

D. indirect election

Answer: C

Question 13

The major objective of political parties is to

A. conduct population censuses

B. contest elections and form government

C. interpret laws

D. enforce court judgments

Answer: B

Question 14

Pressure groups differ from political parties because they

A. seek elective offices

B. nominate presidential candidates

C. influence government policies without seeking political power

D. conduct national elections

Answer: C

Question 15

The body constitutionally empowered to conduct elections in Nigeria is the

A. Federal Civil Service Commission

B. National Population Commission

C. Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC)

D. National Judicial Council

Answer: C

Question 16

One of the principal functions of the legislature is to

A. enforce laws

B. interpret laws

C. make laws

D. conduct elections

Answer: C

Question 17

The executive arm of government is primarily responsible for

A. making laws

B. implementing laws and public policies

C. amending the constitution

D. interpreting the constitution

Answer: B

Question 18

The independence of the judiciary is essential because it

A. allows judges to belong to political parties

B. enables courts to administer justice without undue interference

C. places judges above the constitution

D. gives the judiciary control over elections

Answer: B

Question 19

Which of the following is a fundamental characteristic of a democratic government?

A. Military dictatorship

B. One-party compulsory membership

C. Periodic free and fair elections

D. Rule by decree

Answer: C

Question 20

One major institution that promotes government accountability in a democracy is the

A. Free Press

B. Secret Police

C. Military Council

D. Traditional Council

Answer: A

Question 21

Citizenship acquired because a person is born within the territory of a country is known as citizenship by

A. Registration

B. Naturalization

C. Birth

D. Marriage

Answer: C

2026 NECO Government Objective and Essay Questions and Answers

Question 22

One of the major duties of a responsible citizen is to

A. disobey lawful authority

B. evade payment of taxes

C. obey the laws of the state

D. refuse to participate in elections

Answer: C

Question 23

Which of the following is a fundamental human right guaranteed under the Nigerian Constitution?

A. Right to overthrow the government

B. Right to life

C. Right to refuse payment of taxes

D. Right to ignore court judgments

Answer: B

Question 24

A person who voluntarily acquires the citizenship of another country may lose his original citizenship through

A. Registration

B. Renunciation

C. Election

D. Referendum

Answer: B

Question 25

Public opinion refers to the

A. decisions of the judiciary

B. collective views of citizens on public issues

C. policies of political parties

D. opinions expressed only by legislators

Answer: B

Question 26

One important agent for the formation of public opinion is the

A. Judiciary

B. Mass Media

C. Armed Forces

D. Customs Service

Answer: B

Question 27

Pressure groups mainly seek to

A. capture political power

B. influence government decisions and public policies

C. appoint judges

D. conduct elections

Answer: B

Question 28

Which of the following is an example of a professional pressure group in Nigeria?

A. Independent National Electoral Commission

B. Nigerian Bar Association

C. National Assembly

D. Supreme Court

Answer: B

Question 29

A public corporation is established primarily to

A. maximize private profit

B. provide essential public services

C. sponsor political campaigns

D. supervise elections

Answer: B

Question 30

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a public corporation?

A. Government ownership

B. Separate legal identity

C. Public accountability

D. Unlimited private ownership

Answer: D

Question 31

The Civil Service is responsible for

A. interpreting the constitution

B. implementing government policies

C. making laws

D. conducting elections

Answer: B

Question 32

One essential quality expected of a civil servant is

A. political bias

B. neutrality

C. tribal loyalty

D. religious favoritism

Answer: B

Question 33

The third tier of government in Nigeria is the

A. Federal Government

B. State Government

C. Local Government

D. Traditional Institution

Answer: C

Question 34

One major function of local government councils is to

A. conduct presidential elections

B. maintain local roads and markets

C. declare war

D. formulate foreign policy

Answer: B

Question 35

Federalism is a system of government in which powers are

A. concentrated in one central authority

B. shared constitutionally between central and regional governments

C. exercised only by traditional rulers

D. vested exclusively in local governments

Answer: B

Question 36

Which of the following is an essential feature of a federal system of government?

A. Single legislative list

B. Constitutional division of powers

C. One political party

D. Abolition of state governments

Answer: B

Question 37

The Presidential System of Government is characterized by

A. fusion of executive and legislative powers

B. separation of powers among the arms of government

C. hereditary leadership

D. military administration

Answer: B

Question 38

One major advantage of the Parliamentary System of Government is that it

A. promotes dictatorship

B. ensures close cooperation between the executive and legislature

C. abolishes political parties

D. prevents cabinet formation

Answer: B

Question 39

Military rule is generally characterized by

A. supremacy of the constitution

B. government through decrees

C. periodic democratic elections

D. independence of political parties

Answer: B

2026 NECO Government Objective and Essay Questions and Answers

Question 40

One major disadvantage of military rule is the

A. protection of fundamental human rights

B. encouragement of democratic participation

C. suspension of constitutional government

D. regular conduct of free and fair elections

Answer: C

Question 41

The 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria came into effect on

A. 1st October, 1998

B. 29th May, 1999

C. 1st January, 1999

D. 12th June, 1999

Answer: B

Question 42

The law-making body at the federal level in Nigeria is known as the

A. Federal Executive Council

B. National Assembly

C. Council of State

D. National Judicial Council

Answer: B

Question 43

The Nigerian National Assembly consists of the

A. House of Representatives and State Houses of Assembly

B. Senate and House of Representatives

C. Senate and Executive Council

D. House of Representatives and Judiciary

Answer: B

Question 44

The highest court in Nigeria is the

A. Federal High Court

B. Court of Appeal

C. Supreme Court

D. National Industrial Court

Answer: C

Question 45

Which of the following is primarily responsible for defending Nigeria against external aggression?

A. Nigeria Police Force

B. Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps

C. Nigerian Armed Forces

D. Federal Road Safety Corps

Answer: C

Question 46

Nigeria’s foreign policy is primarily directed towards promoting

A. world dictatorship

B. national interest

C. military expansion

D. colonial administration

Answer: B

Question 47

The headquarters of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) is located in

A. Accra, Ghana

B. Abuja, Nigeria

C. Monrovia, Liberia

D. Dakar, Senegal

Answer: B

Question 48

The major objective of ECOWAS is to

A. establish military rule in West Africa

B. promote economic integration among member states

C. conduct elections in Africa

D. replace the African Union

Answer: B

Question 49

The headquarters of the African Union (AU) is situated in

A. Nairobi, Kenya

B. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

C. Cairo, Egypt

D. Abuja, Nigeria

Answer: B

Question 50

The African Union (AU) was established mainly to

A. promote unity, peace, and development among African states

B. abolish national governments

C. replace the United Nations

D. create a single political party in Africa

Answer: A

Question 51

The principal organ of the United Nations responsible for maintaining international peace and security is the

A. General Assembly

B. Trusteeship Council

C. International Court of Justice

D. Security Council

Answer: D

Question 52

Nigeria became a member of the United Nations in

A. 1957

B. 1960

C. 1963

D. 1966

Answer: B

Question 53

The process through which citizens choose their leaders by voting is known as

A. Legislation

B. Adjudication

C. Election

D. Referendum

Answer: C

2026 NECO Government Objective and Essay Questions and Answers

Question 54

A constitution that can be amended through a relatively easy procedure is described as

A. rigid

B. federal

C. written

D. flexible

Answer: D

Question 55

One major feature of a democratic election is that it must be

A. compulsory for political parties only

B. free, fair, and credible

C. supervised by traditional rulers

D. conducted by the military

Answer: B

Question 56

The doctrine that recognizes the Constitution as the highest law of the land is known as

A. constitutional supremacy

B. delegated legislation

C. collective responsibility

D. ministerial responsibility

Answer: A

Question 57

The body responsible for appointing and disciplining judicial officers in Nigeria is the

A. National Population Commission

B. National Judicial Council

C. Federal Executive Council

D. Code of Conduct Bureau

Answer: B

Question 58

Which of the following is an important characteristic of the Civil Service?

A. Political partisanship

B. Permanence

C. Electioneering

D. Military command

Answer: B

Question 59

The principle that government derives its authority from the consent of the people is known as

A. Military administration

B. Popular sovereignty

C. Judicial review

D. Bureaucracy

Answer: B

Question 60

A successful democratic government depends largely on

A. suspension of elections

B. respect for the Constitution and the rule of law

C. military intervention

D. one-party dictatorship

2026 NECO Government Objective and Essay Questions and Answers

Complete Objective Answer Key