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WAEC GCE 2025 Physics 1 (Objective) 60 questions with answers and Physics 2 (Essay)

Etima Harrison December 3, 2025

1,609 6 minutes read

WAEC GCE 2025 Physics 1 (Objective) 60 questions with answers and Physics 2 (Essay)

PHYSICS 1 (OBJECTIVE) – 60 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS

INSTRUCTIONS:

Answer all the questions. Choose the option that best answers each question.

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS (1–60)

The S.I. unit of force is
A. watt
B. newton
C. joule
D. pascal
Answer: B
A body continues in its state of rest or uniform motion unless acted upon by a force. This is
A. Newton’s 1st law
B. Newton’s 2nd law
C. Newton’s 3rd law
D. Law of gravitation
Answer: A
Density is defined as
A. mass ÷ volume
B. mass × volume
C. volume ÷ mass
D. weight ÷ mass
Answer: A
The instrument used to measure electric current is
A. voltmeter
B. ammeter
C. galvanometer
D. potentiometer
Answer: B
A car moving with uniform speed of 20 m/s for 10 s travels
A. 2 m
B. 200 m
C. 20 m
D. 100 m
Answer: B
The tendency of a body to resist motion is
A. momentum
B. inertia
C. impulse
D. friction
Answer: B
WAEC GCE 2025 Physics 1 (Objective) 60 questions with answers and Physics 2 (Essay)
Which of the following is a vector quantity?
A. Speed
B. Mass
C. Distance
D. Force
Answer: D
Pressure in liquids depends on
A. area and mass
B. mass and density
C. height and density
D. volume and depth
Answer: C
The boiling point of pure water is
A. 0°C
B. 50°C
C. 100°C
D. 200°C
Answer: C
A device used to measure temperature is
A. hygrometer
B. thermometer
C. hydrometer
D. barometer
Answer: B
The rate of doing work is
A. power
B. energy
C. force
D. density
Answer: A
Which of the following is a non-renewable energy source?
A. Wind
B. Solar
C. Coal
D. Tidal
Answer: C
The unit of electric charge is
A. volt
B. coulomb
C. ampere
D. ohm
Answer: B
The force that opposes motion between two surfaces is
A. tension
B. friction
C. weight
D. thrust
Answer: B
A machine with no energy loss is called
A. ideal machine
B. simple machine
C. pulley
D. lever
Answer: A
Which colour has the longest wavelength?
A. Blue
B. Violet
C. Green
D. Red
Answer: D
The angle of incidence equals angle of reflection in
A. refraction
B. dispersion
C. reflection
D. interference
Answer: C
A transformer used to increase voltage is
A. step-down
B. step-up
C. autotransformer
D. isolating transformer
Answer: B
The speed of light in vacuum is
A. 3 × 10⁵ m/s
B. 3 × 10⁶ m/s
C. 3 × 10⁸ m/s
D. 3 × 10³ m/s
Answer: C
Gamma rays are similar to
A. sound waves
B. radio waves
C. ultraviolet rays
D. x-rays
Answer: D
The energy stored in a stretched spring is
A. kinetic
B. chemical
C. potential
D. thermal
Answer: C
The instrument for measuring gas pressure is
A. manometer
B. ammeter
C. micrometer
D. hygrometer
Answer: A
Ohm’s law states that V is proportional to
A. IR
B. I
C. R
D. P
Answer: B
Heat transfer by direct contact is
A. radiation
B. conduction
C. convection
D. insulation
Answer: B
The S.I. unit of power is
A. joule
B. watt
C. kelvin
D. pascal
Answer: B
WAEC GCE 2025 Physics 1 (Objective) 60 questions with answers and Physics 2 (Essay)
Which device converts AC to DC?
A. Generator
B. Transformer
C. Rectifier
D. Commutator
Answer: C
A bar magnet is strongest at
A. neutral zone
B. centre
C. poles
D. edges
Answer: C
Radioactivity was discovered by
A. Newton
B. Galileo
C. Henri Becquerel
D. Faraday
Answer: C
The pitch of a sound depends on
A. frequency
B. amplitude
C. wavelength
D. velocity
Answer: A
A lens that is thicker in the middle is
A. concave
B. convex
C. planar
D. cylindrical
Answer: B
The energy of an object due to motion is
A. potential
B. kinetic
C. heat
D. mechanical
Answer: B
A device that stores charge is
A. resistor
B. capacitor
C. transistor
D. inductor
Answer: B
A soft iron core in an electromagnet is used to
A. reduce heat
B. increase strength
C. reduce energy loss
D. improve shine
Answer: B
Which wave requires a medium?
A. Radio wave
B. Light wave
C. Sound wave
D. X-ray
Answer: C
A body of mass 2 kg raised by 4 m gains potential energy of
A. 8 J
B. 20 J
C. 78.4 J
D. 40 J
Using g = 9.8 m/s²: PE = mgh = 2 × 9.8 × 4 = 78.4 J
Answer: C
The unit of frequency is
A. watt
B. joule
C. kelvin
D. hertz
Answer: D
Which of the following is not a scalar quantity?
A. Pressure
B. Work
C. Momentum
D. Temperature
Answer: C
Electric power is given by
A. V/I
B. IR
C. VI
D. I/R
Answer: C
An object floating on water displaces
A. more volume
B. equal volume of water as its weight
C. equal mass of water as its volume
D. equal density of water
Answer: B
A fuse is used to
A. increase voltage
B. prevent overheating
C. measure resistance
D. store charge
Answer: B
If V = 6V and R = 3Ω, current is
A. 0.5A
B. 2A
C. 6A
D. 18A
Answer: B
The property of a body that makes it regain its original shape is
A. plasticity
B. elasticity
C. ductility
D. viscosity
Answer: B
The unit of pressure is
A. watt
B. joule
C. pascal
D. henry
Answer: C
A body that does not allow electric charges to pass is
A. conductor
B. insulator
C. resistor
D. capacitor
Answer: B
WAEC GCE 2025 Physics 1 (Objective) 60 questions with answers and Physics 2 (Essay)
The magnetic field is strongest where lines are
A. apart
B. parallel
C. close
D. horizontal
Answer: C
When light bends as it enters water, the phenomenon is
A. reflection
B. refraction
C. diffraction
D. dispersion
Answer: B
Electromagnetic induction depends on
A. motion and magnetic field
B. heat and sound
C. charge and mass
D. light and colour
Answer: A
A battery converts
A. heat to light
B. chemical to electrical energy
C. sound to mechanical energy
D. mechanical to heat
Answer: B
The speed of sound is fastest in
A. air
B. vacuum
C. water
D. solids
Answer: D
A power of 100 W used for 10 s gives energy
A. 10 J
B. 1000 J
C. 500 J
D. 100 J
Answer: B
A barometer measures
A. humidity
B. temperature
C. pressure
D. density
Answer: C
Resonance occurs when
A. frequency of forcing matches natural frequency
B. sound is reflected
C. light bends
D. wave overlaps
Answer: A
The nucleus contains
A. electrons
B. protons and neutrons
C. neutrons only
D. protons only
Answer: B
A device used to split white light is
A. convex lens
B. prism
C. plane mirror
D. microscope
Answer: B
A neutral atom has equal
A. neutrons and electrons
B. protons and electrons
C. protons and neutrons
D. mass and charge
Answer: B
The moment of a force is
A. force ÷ distance
B. distance × force
C. mass × velocity
D. mass × acceleration
Answer: B
Heat travels fastest by radiation in
A. water
B. air
C. vacuum
D. glass
Answer: C
A rheostat is used to
A. store charge
B. vary resistance
C. measure power
D. produce heat
Answer: B
A voltmeter is connected
A. in series
B. in parallel
C. to the earth
D. to a magnet
Answer: B
Work done is zero when force is
A. perpendicular to displacement
B. in the direction of motion
C. opposite displacement
D. twice displacement
Answer: A

PHYSICS 2 (ESSAY) – 8 QUESTIONS WITH MARKING GUIDE

Answer 5 questions only.

1. (a) Define velocity.

(b) A car accelerates uniformly from rest to 30 m/s in 10 s. Calculate the acceleration.
(c) State two differences between mass and weight.**

Marking Guide:

(a) Velocity: Rate of displacement in a specified direction. (3 marks)
(b) a = (v − u)/t = 30/10 = 3 m/s² (5 marks)
(c) Differences: (i) Mass constant, weight varies with gravity
(ii) Mass in kg, weight in newton (4 marks)

2. (a) Explain the term heat capacity.

(b) A 2 kg metal absorbs 6000 J and its temperature rises by 30°C. Calculate its specific heat capacity.
(c) Mention two good conductors of heat.**

Marking Guide:

(a) Heat capacity: amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a body by 1°C. (3 marks)
(b) c = Q/(mθ) = 6000/(2×30) = 100 J/kg°C (5 marks)
(c) Examples: copper, aluminium (4 marks)

WAEC GCE 2025 Physics 1 (Objective) 60 questions with answers and Physics 2 (Essay)

3. (a) State Ohm’s law.

(b) Draw a labelled series circuit diagram containing two resistors and a battery.
(c) If R₁ = 4Ω and R₂ = 6Ω, calculate the total resistance.**

Marking Guide:

(a) V ∝ I at constant temperature. (3 marks)
(b) Correct labelled diagram (4 marks)
(c) Rₜ = R₁ + R₂ = 10Ω (3 marks)

4. (a) Explain resonance.

(b) List two applications of resonance.
(c) A string vibrates at 50 Hz with wavelength 0.4 m. Calculate its speed.**

Marking Guide:

(a) Resonance: large amplitude vibration when forcing frequency equals natural frequency. (3 marks)
(b) Applications: radio tuning, musical instruments (4 marks)
(c) v = fλ = 50 × 0.4 = 20 m/s (3 marks)

5. (a) Describe how a convex lens forms an image of a distant object.

(b) State two uses of convex lenses.
(c) What type of image is formed?**

Marking Guide:

(a) Rays parallel to principal axis converge at focus after refraction (5 marks)
(b) Uses: cameras, magnifying glasses (3 marks)
(c) Real, inverted, diminished (2 marks)