2026 NECO Physics Objective and Essay Questions and Answers
2026 NECO Physics Objective and Essay Questions and Answers
PAPER I (OBJECTIVE TEST)
Time Allowed: 1 Hour 30 Minutes
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
- Answer all sixty (60) questions.
- Each question is followed by four options labeled A–D.
- Choose the most appropriate answer.
- Use an HB pencil where applicable.
- Each question carries equal marks.
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Real NECO Physics OBJ
01-10: BAEDEDCCEE
11-20: DEECBCCCCC
21-30: BCDDBACDEA
31-40: ACDCAECEAE
41-50: CEECDCADCD
51-60: EEBDBDAAEC
Real NECO Physics Essay
Number 1
(1a)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Armature coil/insulated copper wire.
(ii) Strong magnet/field magnet.
(iii) Split-ring commutator.
(iv) Carbon brushes.
(v) Soft iron core.
(1b)
Flat plate collector: This is a solar collector that absorbs solar energy directly without concentrating the sun’s rays at a focus. It is simple in construction and is used for low temperature heating.
Focusing collector: This is a solar collector that uses a mirror or lens to concentrate the sun’s rays at a focus. It produces higher temperature than a flat plate collector.
(1c)
Magnification of objective lens, Mo = 4
Magnifying power of microscope, M = 20
M = Mo × Me
20 = 4 × Me
Me = 20 / 4
Me = 5
Magnification of the eyepiece = 5
Number 2
(2a)
The two physical quantities measured in metre per second are:
(i) Speed
(ii) Velocity
(2b)
(i) Speed is the rate of change of distance with time, while velocity is the rate of change of displacement with time.
(ii) Speed is a scalar quantity because it has magnitude only, while velocity is a vector quantity because it has both magnitude and direction.
(iii) Speed does not depend on direction, while velocity depends on direction.
(iv) Speed = Distance / Time
(v) Velocity = Displacement / Time
Number 3
(3a)
The mathematical relationship between the period T and length L of a simple pendulum is:
T = 2π√(L/g)
OR
T² = 4π²L/g
(3b)
Angular speed, ω = 0.5π rad s⁻¹
ω = 2π/T
T = 2π/ω
T = 2π / 0.5π
T = 4 s
Period = 4 s
Number 4
(4a)
Let the mass of body P = m
Velocity of P = 30 ms⁻¹
Mass of Q = 10 kg
Velocity of Q = -15 ms⁻¹
Common final velocity = 25 ms⁻¹
Using the principle of conservation of linear momentum:
m₁u₁ + m₂u₂ = (m₁ + m₂)v
m(30) + 10(-15) = (m + 10)25
30m – 150 = 25m + 250
30m – 25m = 250 + 150
5m = 400
m = 400 / 5
m = 80 kg
Mass of P = 80 kg
(4b)
The collision is an inelastic collision.
It is a perfectly inelastic collision because after collision, both bodies move together in the same direction with the same velocity.
Number 5
(5a)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Pulley
(ii) Wheel and axle
(iii) Inclined plane
(iv) Screw
(v) Wedge
(5b)
Potential energy is the energy possessed by a body due to its position or state, while kinetic energy is the energy possessed by a body due to its motion.
NUMBER 6
(6a)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Ultraviolet rays
(ii) X-rays
(iii) Gamma rays
(6b)
Mechanical waves require a material medium for their propagation, while electromagnetic waves do not require a material medium for their propagation.
Number 7
Frequency, f = 50 Hz
Speed in first region, v₁ = 1.0 ms⁻¹
Speed in second region, v₂ = 0.4 ms⁻¹
Using:
v = fλ
λ = v / f
For the first region:
λ₁ = v₁ / f
λ₁ = 1.0 / 50
λ₁ = 0.02 m
For the second region:
λ₂ = v₂ / f
λ₂ = 0.4 / 50
λ₂ = 0.008 m
Difference in wavelengths = λ₁ – λ₂
= 0.02 – 0.008
= 0.012 m
Difference in wavelengths = 0.012 m
Number 8
(8a)
The statement that the escape velocity of a satellite from the earth is 11 km/s means that the satellite must be projected with a minimum velocity of 11 km/s in order to escape completely from the earth’s gravitational field without falling back to the earth.
(8b)
One advantage of a lead acid accumulator over a wet Leclanche cell is that a lead acid accumulator is rechargeable, while a wet Leclanche cell is not easily rechargeable.
OR
A lead acid accumulator can supply a large current for a longer time than a wet Leclanche cell.
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1. The SI unit of force is the
A. Joule
B. Newton
C. Watt
D. Pascal
Answer: B
2. A body moves with constant velocity when it has
A. Constant acceleration
B. Zero resultant force
C. Constant resultant force
D. Increasing momentum
Answer: B
3. Which of the following is a vector quantity?
A. Distance
B. Speed
C. Time
D. Velocity
Answer: D
4. The acceleration due to gravity on Earth is approximately
A. 5.0 m/s²
B. 9.8 m/s²
C. 12.0 m/s²
D. 15.0 m/s²
Answer: B
5. Work is done when a force
A. Changes direction
B. Causes displacement
C. Acts vertically
D. Increases speed only
Answer: B
6. The unit of power is
A. Joule
B. Newton
C. Watt
D. Volt
Answer: C
7. The momentum of a body is the product of its
A. Mass and force
B. Velocity and acceleration
C. Mass and velocity
D. Weight and speed
Answer: C
8. A machine has an efficiency of 80%. This means that
A. 80% of the input work is lost
B. Output work equals input work
C. Output work is 80% of input work
D. Input work is greater than output work by 80%
Answer: C
9. Which simple machine has the highest mechanical advantage?
A. Lever
B. Pulley
C. Inclined plane
D. It depends on its design and use
Answer: D
10. Friction is useful because it
A. Prevents movement
B. Enables walking
C. Increases wear only
D. Reduces efficiency in all machines
Answer: B
11. The turning effect of a force is called
A. Pressure
B. Torque
C. Density
D. Impulse
Answer: B
12. A freely falling body experiences
A. Constant speed
B. Constant acceleration
C. Zero acceleration
D. Increasing mass
Answer: B
13. The SI unit of pressure is
A. Newton
B. Pascal
C. Joule
D. Watt
Answer: B
14. Density is defined as
A. Mass × Volume
B. Volume ÷ Mass
C. Mass ÷ Volume
D. Weight ÷ Volume
Answer: C
15. The law of conservation of momentum applies during
A. Elastic and inelastic collisions
B. Free fall only
C. Circular motion only
D. Projectile motion only
Answer: A
2026 NECO Physics Objective and Essay Questions and Answers
16. Heat is transferred through solids mainly by
A. Radiation
B. Conduction
C. Convection
D. Diffusion
Answer: B
17. The SI unit of temperature is
A. Celsius
B. Fahrenheit
C. Kelvin
D. Joule
Answer: C
18. Specific heat capacity is the amount of heat required to
A. Melt a substance
B. Raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1 K
C. Boil a liquid
D. Heat any object completely
Answer: B
19. During melting,
A. Temperature increases continuously
B. Temperature remains constant
C. Pressure decreases
D. Mass decreases
Answer: B
20. Convection occurs mainly in
A. Solids
B. Liquids and gases
C. Metals only
D. Vacuum
Answer: B
21. Sound cannot travel through
A. Water
B. Steel
C. Air
D. Vacuum
Answer: D
22. The SI unit of frequency is
A. Watt
B. Hertz
C. Newton
D. Pascal
Answer: B
23. The speed of sound is greatest in
A. Air
B. Vacuum
C. Solids
D. Liquids
Answer: C
24. The frequency of a wave is measured using the unit
A. Metre
B. Second
C. Hertz
D. Newton
Answer: C
25. Which wave is electromagnetic?
A. Sound wave
B. Water wave
C. Radio wave
D. Seismic wave
Answer: C
26. The phenomenon responsible for echoes is
A. Refraction
B. Reflection
C. Diffraction
D. Polarization
Answer: B
27. The product of frequency and wavelength gives the
A. Amplitude
B. Wave speed
C. Period
D. Intensity
Answer: B
28. Which colour of visible light has the longest wavelength?
A. Violet
B. Blue
C. Green
D. Red
Answer: D
29. An increase in temperature generally causes a metal rod to
A. Contract
B. Expand
C. Melt
D. Break
Answer: B
30. The instrument used for measuring atmospheric pressure is
A. Hygrometer
B. Thermometer
C. Barometer
D. Manometer
Answer: C
31. The SI unit of electric current is the
A. Volt
B. Ohm
C. Ampere
D. Coulomb
Answer: C
32. The instrument used for measuring electric current is the
A. Voltmeter
B. Ammeter
C. Galvanometer
D. Ohmmeter
Answer: B
33. The unit of electrical resistance is
A. Ampere
B. Volt
C. Ohm
D. Watt
Answer: C
34. According to Ohm’s law, current is directly proportional to the applied voltage provided the temperature remains constant.
A. True
B. False
C. Sometimes
D. None of the above
Answer: A
35. A conductor is a material that
A. Does not allow electric current to pass
B. Allows electric current to pass easily
C. Produces electricity
D. Stores electricity
Answer: B
2026 NECO Physics Objective and Essay Questions and Answers
36. Which of the following materials is the best conductor of electricity?
A. Rubber
B. Glass
C. Copper
D. Plastic
Answer: C
37. The function of a fuse in an electrical circuit is to
A. Increase voltage
B. Store electrical energy
C. Protect the circuit from excessive current
D. Increase resistance
Answer: C
38. The unit of electrical power is
A. Joule
B. Watt
C. Newton
D. Coulomb
Answer: B
39. A battery converts
A. Mechanical energy to electrical energy
B. Chemical energy to electrical energy
C. Heat energy to electrical energy
D. Light energy to electrical energy
Answer: B
40. Electrical energy is measured in
A. Joules
B. Newtons
C. Watts
D. Pascals
Answer: A
41. The magnetic field around a straight current-carrying conductor consists of
A. Straight lines
B. Circular lines
C. Elliptical lines
D. Parallel lines
Answer: B
42. A transformer operates on the principle of
A. Electrolysis
B. Electromagnetic induction
C. Electrostatic attraction
D. Capacitance
Answer: B
43. The core of a transformer is made of laminated soft iron to
A. Increase weight
B. Reduce eddy current losses
C. Increase resistance
D. Prevent overheating completely
Answer: B
44. A step-up transformer increases
A. Current
B. Resistance
C. Voltage
D. Frequency
Answer: C
45. An electromagnet is produced by
A. Rubbing a magnet on iron
B. Passing electric current through a coil
C. Heating an iron rod
D. Hammering steel
Answer: B
46. Which electronic component stores electric charge?
A. Diode
B. Capacitor
C. Resistor
D. Transistor
Answer: B
47. The function of a diode is to
A. Amplify signals
B. Allow current to flow in one direction only
C. Store electrical energy
D. Reduce voltage
Answer: B
48. A transistor is mainly used as
A. A conductor only
B. A switch and amplifier
C. A resistor
D. A fuse
Answer: B
49. The SI unit of capacitance is
A. Farad
B. Henry
C. Weber
D. Tesla
Answer: A
50. Radio waves are examples of
A. Mechanical waves
B. Electromagnetic waves
C. Longitudinal waves only
D. Sound waves
Answer: B
51. X-rays are used mainly for
A. Cooking
B. Medical diagnosis
C. Refrigeration
D. Water purification
Answer: B
52. The nucleus of an atom contains
A. Electrons only
B. Protons only
C. Protons and neutrons
D. Neutrons only
Answer: C
53. Alpha particles carry
A. No charge
B. Positive charge
C. Negative charge
D. Variable charge
Answer: B
54. Beta particles are
A. Helium nuclei
B. Electrons
C. Protons
D. Neutrons
Answer: B
55. Gamma rays are
A. Charged particles
B. Electromagnetic radiation
C. Sound waves
D. Light particles only
Answer: B
56. Radioactivity is the
A. Artificial production of energy
B. Spontaneous emission of radiation from unstable nuclei
C. Production of electricity
D. Reflection of light
Answer: B
57. The half-life of a radioactive substance is the time taken for
A. All the atoms to decay
B. Half of the radioactive atoms to decay
C. One atom to decay
D. The sample to melt
Answer: B
58. The photoelectric effect supports the
A. Wave theory only
B. Particle nature of light
C. Theory of relativity
D. Newton’s law of motion
Answer: B
59. The instrument used for detecting radioactive radiation is the
A. Ammeter
B. Voltmeter
C. Geiger–Müller counter
D. Barometer
Answer: C
60. Which of the following is a renewable source of energy?
A. Coal
B. Petroleum
C. Solar energy
D. Natural gas
Answer: C
